Startup key combinations for Macs: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
= Startup key combinations for Macs =
=== Intel-based Macs ===
=== Intel-based Macs ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Press C during startup
| Press C during startup
| Start up from a bootable CD or DVD, such as the Mac OS X Install disc that came with the computer.
|-
|-
| Press D during startup
| Press D during startup
| Start up in Apple Hardware Test (AHT), if the Install DVD 1 is in the computer.
|-
|-
| Press Option-Command-P-R
| Press Option-Command-P-R
| Press until you hear two beeps. Reset NVRAM
|-
|-
| Press Option during startup
| Press Option during startup
| Starts into Startup Manager, where you can select a Mac OS X volume to start from.
|-
|-
| Press N
| Press N
| Make the the first bootable Network volume appear as well.
|-
|-
| Press Eject, F12, or hold the mouse (/trackpad) button
| Press Eject, F12, or hold the mouse (/trackpad) button
| Ejects any removable media, such as an optical disc.
|-
|-
| Press N during startup
| Press N during startup
| Attempt to start up from a compatible network server (NetBoot).
|-
|-
| Press T during startup
| Press T during startup
| Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode.
|-
|-
| Press Shift during startup
| Press Shift during startup
| Start up in Safe Boot mode and temporarily disable login items.
|-
|-
| Press Command-V during startup
| Press Command-V during startup
| Start up in Verbose mode.
|-
|-
| Press Command-S during startup
| Press Command-S during startup
| Start up in Single-User mode.
|-
|-
| Press Option-N during startup
| Press Option-N during startup
| Start from a NetBoot server using the default boot image.
|}
|}


=== Apple Boot Key Combos ===
=== Apple Boot Key Combos ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Bypass startup drive and boot from external (or CD)
| Bypass startup drive and boot from external (or CD)
| CMD-OPT-SHIFT-DELETE
|-
|-
| Boot from CD (Most late model Apples)
| Boot from CD (Most late model Apples)
| C
|-
|-
| Force the internal hard drive to be the boot drive
| Force the internal hard drive to be the boot drive
| D
|-
|-
| Boot from a specific SCSI ID #.(#=SCSI ID number)
| Boot from a specific SCSI ID #.(#=SCSI ID number)
| CMD-OPT-SHIFT-DELETE-#
|-
|-
| Zap PRAM
| Zap PRAM
| CMD-OPT-P-R
|-
|-
| Boot into open Firmware
| Boot into open Firmware
| CMD-OPT-O-F
|-
|-
| Clear NV RAM. Similar to reset-all in open Firmware
| Clear NV RAM. Similar to reset-all in open Firmware
| CMD-OPT-N-V
|-
|-
| Disable Extensions
| Disable Extensions
| SHIFT
|-
|-
| Rebuild Desktop
| Rebuild Desktop
| CMD-OPT
|-
|-
| Close finder windows.(hold just before finder starts)
| Close finder windows.(hold just before finder starts)
| OPT
|-
|-
| Boot with Virtual Memory off
| Boot with Virtual Memory off
| CMD
|-
|-
| Trigger extension manager at boot-up
| Trigger extension manager at boot-up
| SPACE
|-
|-
| Force Quadra av machines to use TV as a monitor
| Force Quadra av machines to use TV as a monitor
| CMD-OPT-T-V
|-
|-
| Boot from ROM (Mac Classic only)
| Boot from ROM (Mac Classic only)
| CMD-OPT-X-O
|-
|-
| Force [[PowerBooks]] to reset the screen
| Force PowerBooks to reset the screen
| R
|-
|-
| Force an AV monitor to be recognized as one
| Force an AV monitor to be recognized as one
| CMD-OPT-A-V
|-
|-
| Eject Boot Floppy
| Eject Boot Floppy
| Hold Down Mouse Button
|-
|-
| Select volume to start from
| Select volume to start from
| OPT
|-
|-
| Start in Firewire target drive mode
| Start in Firewire target drive mode
| T
|-
|-
| Startup in OSX if OS9 and OXS in boot partition
| Startup in OSX if OS9 and OXS in boot partition
| X or CMD-X
|-
|-
| Attempt to boot from network server (Hold until Mac Logo appears)
| Attempt to boot from network server (Hold until Mac Logo appears)
| N
|-
|-
| Hold down until the 2nd chime, will boot into 9?
| Hold down until the 2nd chime, will boot into 9?
| CMD-OPT
|-
|-
| OSX: Watch the status of the system load
| OSX: Watch the status of the system load
| CMD-V
|-
|-
| OSX: Enter single-user mode (shell-level mode)
| OSX: Enter single-user mode (shell-level mode)
| CMD-S
|}
|}


=== After startup ===
=== After startup ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Bring up dialogue for shutdown/sleep/restart
| Bring up dialogue for shutdown/sleep/restart
| POWER
|-
|-
| Eject a Floppy Disk
| Eject a Floppy Disk
| CMD-SHIFT-1 or(2) or (0)
|-
|-
| Force current app to quit
| Force current app to quit
| CMD-OPT-ESC
|-
|-
| Unconditionally reboot
| Unconditionally reboot
| CTRL-CMD-POWER
|-
|-
| Fast Shutdown
| Fast Shutdown
| CTRL-CMD-OPT-POWER
|-
|-
| Goto the debugger (if [[MacsBug]] is installed)
| Goto the debugger (if MacsBug is installed)
| CMD-POWER
|-
|-
| Reset Power Manager on [[PowerBooks]]
| Reset Power Manager on PowerBooks
| USE THIS LINK
|-
|-
| Put late model [[PowerBooks]] & Desktops to sleep
| Put late model PowerBooks & Desktops to sleep
| CMD-OPT-POWER
|}
|}


=== Application Specific Keys ===
=== Application Specific Keys ===
Startup key combos to reset the resolution on video boards:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| SuperMac (at least some models)
| Press & hold OPT
|-
|-
| Imagine 128 Card (reset resolution)
| [[SuperMac]] (at least some models)press&hold
| N
|-
|-
| RasterOps (at least some models)
| Imagine 128 Card (reset resolution)
| Press & hold CMD-OPT-SHIFT
|-
|-
| Radius (Use cable sense pins to set resolution)
| [[RasterOps]] (at least some models)press&hold
| U
|-
|-
| Radius (Use cable sense pins to set resolution)
| Radius (Cycle through available resolutions)
|-
| T
| Radius (Cycle through available resolutions)
|}
|}


=== Conflict Catcher ===
=== Conflict Catcher ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Pause Boot
| Pause Boot
| P
|-
|-
| Launch CC at Startup
| Launch CC at Startup
| SPACE or CAPS LOCK
|-
|-
| Skip remaining extensions
| Skip remaining extensions
| CMD-PERIOD
|-
|-
| Reboot cleanly while loading extensions
| Reboot cleanly while loading extensions
| CMD-R
|}
|}


=== RAM Doubler ===
=== RAM Doubler ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Disable at Startup
| Disable at Startup
| ~ (Tilde) or ESC
|}
|}


=== Apple System Installer ===
=== Apple System Installer ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Change custom install to clean install
| Change custom install to clean install
| CMD-Shift-K
|}
|}


=== Claris Emailer ===
=== Claris Emailer ===
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
| Bypass specified startup connections
| Bypass specified startup connections
| Hold CMD at launch
|-
|-
| Bring up rebuild options
| Bring up rebuild options
| Hold OPT at launch
|}
|}

== Password recovery ==
On client the procedure is:
# Boot on single-user mode
# Change the password on command-line:
<pre><nowiki>
# passwd my_user
</nowiki></pre>


On XServe the procedure is:
# Boot on single-user mode:
# Mount partition
<pre><nowiki>
# fsck
# mount -uw /
</nowiki></pre>

# Change password
<pre><nowiki>
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/$newuser _writers_passwd administrator
# passwd administrator
</nowiki></pre>


== Create a new user with administrative privileges ==
First write down the gid which comes from admin group
<pre><nowiki>
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -read /groups/admin
</nowiki></pre>

Lets say, the gid is '''''20''''', then from command line execute:
<pre><nowiki>
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user uid my_user_id
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user realname "My User Real Name"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user passwd "my_user_passwd"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user gid 20
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user shell "/bin/bash"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user home "/Users/my_user"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user _writers_passwd my_user
# passwd my_user
# ditto /System/Library/UserTemplate/English.lproj /Users/my_user
# chown -R my_user:staff /Users/my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -read /users/my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -append /groups/wheel users my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -append /groups/admin users my_user
</nowiki></pre>

Latest revision as of 06:07, 28 May 2013

Intel-based Macs

Press C during startup Start up from a bootable CD or DVD, such as the Mac OS X Install disc that came with the computer.
Press D during startup Start up in Apple Hardware Test (AHT), if the Install DVD 1 is in the computer.
Press Option-Command-P-R Press until you hear two beeps. Reset NVRAM
Press Option during startup Starts into Startup Manager, where you can select a Mac OS X volume to start from.
Press N Make the the first bootable Network volume appear as well.
Press Eject, F12, or hold the mouse (/trackpad) button Ejects any removable media, such as an optical disc.
Press N during startup Attempt to start up from a compatible network server (NetBoot).
Press T during startup Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode.
Press Shift during startup Start up in Safe Boot mode and temporarily disable login items.
Press Command-V during startup Start up in Verbose mode.
Press Command-S during startup Start up in Single-User mode.
Press Option-N during startup Start from a NetBoot server using the default boot image.

Apple Boot Key Combos

Bypass startup drive and boot from external (or CD) CMD-OPT-SHIFT-DELETE
Boot from CD (Most late model Apples) C
Force the internal hard drive to be the boot drive D
Boot from a specific SCSI ID #.(#=SCSI ID number) CMD-OPT-SHIFT-DELETE-#
Zap PRAM CMD-OPT-P-R
Boot into open Firmware CMD-OPT-O-F
Clear NV RAM. Similar to reset-all in open Firmware CMD-OPT-N-V
Disable Extensions SHIFT
Rebuild Desktop CMD-OPT
Close finder windows.(hold just before finder starts) OPT
Boot with Virtual Memory off CMD
Trigger extension manager at boot-up SPACE
Force Quadra av machines to use TV as a monitor CMD-OPT-T-V
Boot from ROM (Mac Classic only) CMD-OPT-X-O
Force PowerBooks to reset the screen R
Force an AV monitor to be recognized as one CMD-OPT-A-V
Eject Boot Floppy Hold Down Mouse Button
Select volume to start from OPT
Start in Firewire target drive mode T
Startup in OSX if OS9 and OXS in boot partition X or CMD-X
Attempt to boot from network server (Hold until Mac Logo appears) N
Hold down until the 2nd chime, will boot into 9? CMD-OPT
OSX: Watch the status of the system load CMD-V
OSX: Enter single-user mode (shell-level mode) CMD-S

After startup

Bring up dialogue for shutdown/sleep/restart POWER
Eject a Floppy Disk CMD-SHIFT-1 or(2) or (0)
Force current app to quit CMD-OPT-ESC
Unconditionally reboot CTRL-CMD-POWER
Fast Shutdown CTRL-CMD-OPT-POWER
Goto the debugger (if MacsBug is installed) CMD-POWER
Reset Power Manager on PowerBooks USE THIS LINK
Put late model PowerBooks & Desktops to sleep CMD-OPT-POWER

Application Specific Keys

Startup key combos to reset the resolution on video boards:

SuperMac (at least some models) Press & hold OPT
Imagine 128 Card (reset resolution) N
RasterOps (at least some models) Press & hold CMD-OPT-SHIFT
Radius (Use cable sense pins to set resolution) U
Radius (Cycle through available resolutions) T

Conflict Catcher

Pause Boot P
Launch CC at Startup SPACE or CAPS LOCK
Skip remaining extensions CMD-PERIOD
Reboot cleanly while loading extensions CMD-R

RAM Doubler

Disable at Startup ~ (Tilde) or ESC

Apple System Installer

Change custom install to clean install CMD-Shift-K

Claris Emailer

Bypass specified startup connections Hold CMD at launch
Bring up rebuild options Hold OPT at launch
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