Startup key combinations for Macs
Intel-based Macs
| Press C during startup
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| Press D during startup
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| Press Option-Command-P-R
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| Press Option during startup
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| Press N
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| Press Eject, F12, or hold the mouse (/trackpad) button
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| Press N during startup
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| Press T during startup
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| Press Shift during startup
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| Press Command-V during startup
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| Press Command-S during startup
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| Press Option-N during startup
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Apple Boot Key Combos
| Bypass startup drive and boot from external (or CD)
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| Boot from CD (Most late model Apples)
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| Force the internal hard drive to be the boot drive
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| Boot from a specific SCSI ID #.(#=SCSI ID number)
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| Zap PRAM
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| Boot into open Firmware
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| Clear NV RAM. Similar to reset-all in open Firmware
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| Disable Extensions
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| Rebuild Desktop
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| Close finder windows.(hold just before finder starts)
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| Boot with Virtual Memory off
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| Trigger extension manager at boot-up
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| Force Quadra av machines to use TV as a monitor
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| Boot from ROM (Mac Classic only)
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| Force PowerBooks to reset the screen
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| Force an AV monitor to be recognized as one
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| Eject Boot Floppy
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| Select volume to start from
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| Start in Firewire target drive mode
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| Startup in OSX if OS9 and OXS in boot partition
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| Attempt to boot from network server (Hold until Mac Logo appears)
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| Hold down until the 2nd chime, will boot into 9?
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| OSX: Watch the status of the system load
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| OSX: Enter single-user mode (shell-level mode)
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After startup
| Bring up dialogue for shutdown/sleep/restart
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| Eject a Floppy Disk
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| Force current app to quit
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| Unconditionally reboot
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| Fast Shutdown
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| Goto the debugger (if MacsBug is installed)
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| Reset Power Manager on PowerBooks
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| Put late model PowerBooks & Desktops to sleep
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Application Specific Keys
| SuperMac (at least some models)press&hold
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| Imagine 128 Card (reset resolution)
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| RasterOps (at least some models)press&hold
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| Radius (Use cable sense pins to set resolution)
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| Radius (Cycle through available resolutions)
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Conflict Catcher
| Pause Boot
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| Launch CC at Startup
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| Skip remaining extensions
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| Reboot cleanly while loading extensions
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RAM Doubler
Apple System Installer
| Change custom install to clean install
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Claris Emailer
| Bypass specified startup connections
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| Bring up rebuild options
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Password recovery
On client the procedure is:
- Boot on single-user mode
- Change the password on command-line:
# passwd my_user
On XServe the procedure is:
- Boot on single-user mode:
- Mount partition
# fsck
# mount -uw /
- Change password
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/$newuser _writers_passwd administrator
# passwd administrator
Create a new user with administrative privileges
First write down the gid which comes from admin group
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -read /groups/admin
Lets say, the gid is 20, then from command line execute:
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user uid my_user_id
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user realname "My User Real Name"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user passwd "my_user_passwd"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user gid 20
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user shell "/bin/bash"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user home "/Users/my_user"
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -create /users/my_user _writers_passwd my_user
# passwd my_user
# ditto /System/Library/UserTemplate/English.lproj /Users/my_user
# chown -R my_user:staff /Users/my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -read /users/my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -append /groups/wheel users my_user
# nicl -raw /var/db/netinfo/local.nidb -append /groups/admin users my_user
